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Spring 利用PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer占位符

 
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1.Spring的框架中,org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer类可以将.properties(key/value形式)文件中一些动态设定的值(value),在XML中替换为占位该键($key$)的值,.properties文件可以根据客户需求,自定义一些相关的参数,这样的设计可提供程序的灵活性。

2.在Spring中,使用PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer可以在XML配置文件中加入外部属性文件,当然也可以指定外部文件的编码,如:
<bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
    <property name="location">
      <value>conf/sqlmap/jdbc.properties</value>
    </property>
     <property name="fileEncoding">
       <value>UTF-8</value>
     </property>
</bean>
当然也可以引入多个属性文件,如:
<bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
   <property name="locations">
    <list>
     <value>/WEB-INF/mail.properties</value>   
     <value>classpath: conf/sqlmap/jdbc.properties</value>//注意这两种value值的写法
    </list>
   </property>
</bean>

基本的使用方法是:

Xml代码
<bean id="propertyConfigurerForAnalysis" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
    <property name="location">
        <value>classpath:/spring/include/dbQuery.properties</value>
    </property>
    <property name="fileEncoding">
       <value>UTF-8</value>
     </property>

</bean>

其中classpath是引用src目录下的文件写法。



当存在多个Properties文件时,配置就需使用locations了:

Xml代码
<bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
    <property name="locations">
       <list>
          <value>classpath:/spring/include/jdbc-parms.properties</value>
          <value>classpath:/spring/include/base-config.properties</value>
          <value>classpath*:config/jdbc.properties</value>
        </list>
    </property>
</bean>



接下来我们要使用多个PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer来分散配置,达到整合多工程下的多个分散的Properties文件,其配置如下
Xml代码

<bean id="propertyConfigurerForProject1" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
    <property name="order" value="1" />
    <property name="ignoreUnresolvablePlaceholders" value="true" />
    <property name="location">
       <value>classpath:/spring/include/dbQuery.properties</value>
    </property>
</bean>



Xml代码

<bean id="propertyConfigurerForProject2" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
    <property name="order" value="2" />
    <property name="ignoreUnresolvablePlaceholders" value="true" />
    <property name="locations">
      <list>
        <value>classpath:/spring/include/jdbc-parms.properties</value>
        <value>classpath:/spring/include/base-config.properties</value>
      </list>
    </property>
</bean> 其中order属性代表其加载顺序,而ignoreUnresolvablePlaceholders为是否忽略不可解析的Placeholder,如配置了多个PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer,则需设置为true



3.譬如,jdbc.properties的内容为:
jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost/mysqldb?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8&amp;zeroDateTimeBehavior=round;
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456

4.那么在spring配置文件中,我们就可以这样写:
<bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
   <property name="locations">
    <list>
     <value>classpath: conf/sqlmap/jdbc.properties </value>
    </list>
   </property>
</bean>

<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
   <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" />
   <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
   <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
   <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
</bean>


5.这样,一个简单的数据源就设置完毕了。可以看出:PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer起的作用就是将占位符指向的数据库配置信息放在bean中定义的工具。




<!-- dataSource -->
<bean id="dataSource"
   class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
   <property name="driverClassName"
    value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" />
   <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
   <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
   <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
</bean>
<!-- sessionFactory -->
<bean id="sessionFactory"
   class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
   <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
   <property name="mappingResources">
    <list>
     <value>cn/xg/hibernate/spring/User.hbm.xml</value><!--这里的映射路径问题,这种方法只能一个一个加-->
     <value>cn/xg/hibernate/spring/Group.hbm.xml</value>
    </list>
    <!-- 加载一个路径下的*.hbm.xml文件方法:
     <property name="mappingDirectoryLocations">
     <list>
     <value>classpath:/cn/xg/spring/model</value>
     </list>
     </property>
    -->
   </property>
   <property name="hibernateProperties">
    <props>
     <prop key="hibernate.dialect">
      ${hibernate.dialect}
     </prop>
     <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
    </props>
   </property>
</bean>
<!-- DAO实现类extends HibernateDaoSupport,注入sessionFactory -->
<bean id="userMgrImpl" class="cn.xg.hibernate.spring.UserMgrImpl">
   <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>

<bean id="groupMgrImpl"
   class="cn.xg.hibernate.spring.GroupMgrImpl">
   <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
   <property name="userImpl" ref="userMgrImpl"/>
   <property name="transactionTemplate" ref="transactionTemplate"/>
</bean>
<!-- 事务管理 -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
   class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
   <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
<!-- 编程式事务的写法 :向Dao实现类中注入transactionTemplate,调动其execute()方法,接口回调new TransactionCallback()-->
<bean id="transactionTemplate" class="org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate">
   <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"/>
</bean>


<!-- 声时式事务第一种写法 -->
<!--
   <bean id="groupMgr"
   class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">
   <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />
   <property name="target" ref="groupMgrImpl" />
   <property name="transactionAttributes">
   <props>
   <prop key="add*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
   <prop key="get*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
   <prop key="*">readOnly</prop>
   </props>
   </property>
   </bean>
--> 
<!-- 声时式事务第二种写法 -->
<!-- 事务的传播特性

<tx:advice id="txAdvice">
   <tx:attributes>
    <tx:method name="add*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
    <tx:method name="get*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
    <tx:method name="*" read-only="true" />
   </tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
<aop:config>
   <aop:advisor pointcut="execution(* cn.xg.hibernate.spring.*.*(..))"
    advice-ref="txAdvice" />
</aop:config>
-->

</beans>

jdbc.properties

jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/数据库名
jdbc.username=数据库用户名
jdbc.password=数据库密码
hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect(方言.这里是MySql)





参考文章:
http://hi.baidu.com/seashell752/blog/item/2764310e2f35f2e137d1225f.html
http://hi.baidu.com/suny_duan/blog/item/e8e9b2a5f31d5efc9052ee8b.html
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